MRCOG Part 1 – Endocrinology

Question 1 of 80

A 25 year old woman presents as she and her partner have being trying to conceive for one year without success.Her periods have become increasingly irregular and she has not had a period for the last 4 months. Her BMI is 35 and she has noticed worsening acne, hirsutism and a change in her voice. Urinary pregnancy test is negative. What is the most appropriate next investigation?

Day 2-5 FSH and LH

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Midluteal progesterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Transvaginal ultrasound of pelvis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 2 of 80

A 25 year old woman presents as she and her partner have being trying to conceive for one year without success. Her periods have become increasingly irregular and she has not had a period for the last 4 months. Her BMI is 16 and a urinary pregnancy test is negative. What is the most appropriate next investigation?

Day 2-5 FSH and LH

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Midluteal progesterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Transvaginal ultrasound of pelvis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 3 of 80

A 25 year old woman presents as she and her partner have being trying to conceive for one year without success. Her periods have become increasingly irregular and she has not had a period for the last 4 months. She has noticed worsening headaches over the last 4 months. Her BMI is 23 and a urinary pregnancy test is negative. What is the most appropriate next investigation?

Day 2-5 FSH and LH

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Midluteal progesterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Transvaginal ultrasound of pelvis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 4 of 80

A 30-year-old woman and her husband present to your fertility clinic with a 2-year history of primary infertility. She has a BMI of 26 and is generally fit and well. She has regular cycles and her blood tests have shown early follicular phase gonadotrophins are in the normal range and midluteal progesterone demonstrates ovulation is occurring. Her partner is 30 years ol He has a BMI of 27, he does not smoke and has no medical issues of not Semen analysis has shown an absence of sperm in seminal plasma on two occasions, 12 weeks apart. His testosterone level has returned as 5nmol/l and follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone as 14IU/l and 16IU/l respectively. What is the most common cause of his condition?

Chemotherapy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Genetic disorder

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Idiopathic

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Radiotherapy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Varicocele

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 5 of 80

A 26-year-old woman presents complaining of acne and hirsutism. Her periods were very irregular, and she wants to understand if there is an issue. Her GP has organised a pelvic ultrasound scan for her which she will have next week but has told her he suspects that she has polycystic ovaries. What investigations should be considered as a first line assessment of biochemical hyperandrogenism?

Androstenedione

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Free testosterone and free androgen index

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Total testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 6 of 80

What is Sheehan syndrome primarily caused by?

Autoimmune destruction of the pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Pituitary haemorrhage following severe postpartum haemorrhage

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Pituitary ischaemia following severe postpartum haemorrhage

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypothalamic ischaemia following severe postpartum haemorrhage

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Tumour invasion of the pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 7 of 80

Which hormone deficiency is most commonly seen in Sheehan syndrome?

Anti-diuretic hormone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 8 of 80

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of Sheehan syndrome?

Fatigue

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Galactorrhoea

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Secondary amenorrhea

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight loss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 9 of 80

Which diagnostic test is most useful for confirming Sheehan syndrome?

Abdominal ultrasound

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

CT scan of the pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

MRI of the pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Short Synacthen test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid function tests

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 10 of 80

Which of the following is the most common cause of Addison’s disease in developed countries?

Autoimmune adrenalitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Metastatic cancer

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Trauma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Tuberculosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 11 of 80

What is a classic clinical symptom of Addison’s disease?

Elevated blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Fatigue and weakness

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyperglycaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased appetite

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight gain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 12 of 80

Which laboratory finding is commonly associated with Addison’s disease?

Hypercalcaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyperkalaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypoglycaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyponatraemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

All of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 13 of 80

What is the most appropriate initial treatment for an adrenal crisis in a patient with Addison’s disease?

IV dexamethasone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

IV fluids and dextrose

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oral hydrocortisone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oral prednisone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Saline infusion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 14 of 80

Which of the following is a common diagnostic test for Addison’s disease?

ACTH stimulation test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dexamethasone suppression test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Insulin tolerance test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol level in the morning

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid function tests

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 15 of 80

What is the main effect of glucagon on glucose metabolism?

Decreases blood glucose levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases gluconeogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases glycogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes lipogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Reduces insulin secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 16 of 80

What is the role of somatostatin in glucose metabolism?

Enhances insulin secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases glucose utilisation by tissues

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Inhibits glucagon secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes glycogen synthesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates glucose absorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 17 of 80

What is the primary function of prolactin in the human body?

Enhances follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Inhibits lactation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates milk production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates ovulation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Triggers uterine contractions

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 18 of 80

Which hormone primarily inhibits prolactin secretion?

Dopamine

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oestrogen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oxytocin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Progesterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroxine

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 19 of 80

What type of hormone is prolactin classified as?

Amino acid derivative

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Glycoprotein

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Lipid-soluble

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Peptide

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Steroid

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 20 of 80

Which of the following is the most common cause of hyperprolactinaemia?

Adrenal insufficiency

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypothalamic tumour

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactinoma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Primary hypothyroidism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Renal failure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 21 of 80

Which medication class is commonly used to treat hyperprolactinaemia?

Aromatase inhibitors

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dopamine agonists

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Levothyroxine

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oestrogen receptor modulators

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 22 of 80

What is the primary site of testosterone production in males?

Adrenal glands

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Anterior pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Leydig cells

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Posterior pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Sertoli cells

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 23 of 80

Which hormone stimulates the production of testosterone from the Leydig cells?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Growth hormone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prolactin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 24 of 80

Which hormone stimulates androgen production in the adrenal cortex?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GNRH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 25 of 80

Which of the following conditions is associated with excess androgen production in females?

Acromegaly

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Endometriosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyperprolactinaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 26 of 80

What is the major androgen produced by the testes?

Androstenedione

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Androsterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Testosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 27 of 80

Which of the following enzymes is critical for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)?

3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5-alpha reductase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

17-alpha hydroxylase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

21-hydroxylase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Aromatase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 28 of 80

What is the primary function of aldosterone in the body?

Decreases blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreases calcium reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreases renal sodium reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases calcium reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases renal sodium reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 29 of 80

Which of the following stimulates aldosterone secretion?

Decreased serum potassium levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased serum sodium levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Plasma alkalosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Renin-angiotensin system activation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 30 of 80

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of aldosterone?

Activates adenylate cyclase

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Binds to mineralocorticoid receptors in the kidneys

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Directly increases renal blood flow

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Inhibits angiotensin II receptors

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 31 of 80

What triggers the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys?

Decreased blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreased renal blood flow

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased serum potassium levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased serum sodium levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 32 of 80

What is the primary action of angiotensin II in the body?

Decreases aldosterone secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases blood vessel dilation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Reduces sympathetic nervous system activity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates insulin release

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 33 of 80

Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys?

Aldosterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Angiotensin I

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Angiotensin II

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Renin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Vasopressin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 34 of 80

Which of the following conditions is associated with overactivity of the renin-angiotensin system?

Addison's disease

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Congestive heart failure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cushing's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Diabetes insipidus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 35 of 80

Which of the following is a classic symptom of Cushing’s syndrome?

Hypoglycaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyperkalaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Moon facies

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Muscle wasting

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight loss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 36 of 80

What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome?

Adrenal carcinoma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cushing's disease (pituitary adenoma)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ectopic ACTH production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Exogenous corticosteroid use

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Primary adrenal hyperplasia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 37 of 80

Which laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose Cushing’s syndrome?

24-hour urinary free cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum electrolytes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Suppression test with dexamethasone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid function tests

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 38 of 80

In patients with Cushing’s syndrome, what is the effect on glucose metabolism?

Decreased gluconeogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreased insulin sensitivity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased glycogen synthesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased glucose uptake by tissues

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increased insulin sensitivity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 39 of 80

What is the primary function of growth hormone in the body?

Decreases glucose metabolism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases fat breakdown

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases muscle mass

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes protein synthesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates cortisol secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 40 of 80

Which of the following conditions is characterized by excess growth hormone secretion?

Cushing's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conn's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Gigantism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Grave's disease

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Turner's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 41 of 80

Which hormone inhibits growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary?

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ghrelin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oestrogen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Somatostatin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 42 of 80

What effect does growth hormone have on glucose metabolism?

Decreases blood glucose levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreases insulin sensitivity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases glucose uptake by tissues

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases insulin secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases the rate of glycolysis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 43 of 80

Which of the following tests is commonly used to test for acromegaly?

24-hour urinary free cortisol test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Growth hormone suppression test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oral glucose tolerance test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol level

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum IGF-1 level

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 44 of 80

You are reviewing the results of a dexamethasone suppression test which is reported as follows:

Cortisol: normal levels after low and high dose dexamethasone

ACTH: undetectable

What is the likely diagnosis?

Cushing’s syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cushing’s disease

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ectopic ACTH syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ectopic corticotropin-releasing hormone syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Pseudo-Cushing’s syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 45 of 80

What is the primary cause of Conn’s syndrome?

Adrenal adenoma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Adrenal carcinoma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Pituitary adenoma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Renal artery stenosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 46 of 80

Which of the following is a feature of primary hyperaldosteronism?

Hyperkalaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypertension

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypoglycaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polydipsia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight loss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 47 of 80

Which test is most useful for confirming the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism?

Adrenal CT scan

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Aldosterone suppression test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Aldosterone-to-renin ratio

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol level

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Urine metanephrines

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 48 of 80

What is the most common cause of central diabetes insipidus?

Adrenal insufficiency

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Chronic kidney disease

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Head trauma or surgery

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypercalcaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Psychogenic polydipsia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 49 of 80

Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of diabetes insipidus?

Decreased thirst

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Frequent urination

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Rapid weight loss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Severe headache

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Visual disturbances

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 50 of 80

Which test is most useful for differentiating between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

24-hour urine collection

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Indirect water deprivation test

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Paired serum and urinary osmolality

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum electrolytes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Urine osmolality before and after water restriction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 51 of 80

What is the effect of vasopressin (ADH) on the kidneys?

Decreases sodium reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Decreases urine concentration

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases renal blood flow

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increases water reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes glucose reabsorption

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 52 of 80

Which of the following treatments is commonly used for central diabetes insipidus?

Desmopressin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dexamethasone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Fludrocortisone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Frusemide

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Prednisone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 53 of 80

What is the most common clinical presentation of phaeochromocytoma?

Abdominal pain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Flushing and sweating

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypertension

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Palpitations

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight loss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 54 of 80

Which of the following tests is most useful for the diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma?

24-hour urinary free cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

24-hour urinary metanephrines

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Plasma aldosterone levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid function tests

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 55 of 80

What is the preferred initial treatment for phaeochromocytoma before surgical intervention?

Alpha-adrenergic blockade

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Calcium channel blockers

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Dihydropyridine agents

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Non-selective beta-blockade

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Selective beta-blockade

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 56 of 80

Which imaging modality is commonly used to localize phaeochromocytomas?

123I-MIBG scan

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ultrasound

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 57 of 80

What is the primary role of leptin in the body?

Decrease appetite

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Increase appetite

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promote insulin secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulate growth hormone release

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Trigger thyroid hormone production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 58 of 80

Which of the following conditions is characterized by leptin resistance?

Cushing's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypothyroidism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Obesity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 59 of 80

Where is leptin primarily produced in the body?

Adrenal glands

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Brown adipose tissue

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypothalamus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Liver

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

White adipose tissue

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 60 of 80

What is the primary function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in females?

Induces ovulation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes follicular development

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates oestrogen secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Triggers luteinizing hormone (LH) surge

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Supports progesterone production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 61 of 80

Which of the following is associated with elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in women?

Anorexia nervosa

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cushing's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Early menopause

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypopituitarism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 62 of 80

Which hormone stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary?

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (FSH-RH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oestrogen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 63 of 80

What is the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on male reproductive physiology?

Inhibits testosterone production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes sperm maturation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) release

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulates testosterone production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Supports Leydig cell function

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 64 of 80

Which of the following conditions would most likely be associated with low follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in a woman?

Anorexia nervosa

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Primary ovarian insufficiency

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Thyroid dysfunction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Turner syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 65 of 80

What is the primary function of luteinizing hormone (LH) in females?

Decrease follicular development

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Induce ovulation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promote endometrial growth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulate progesterone secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Support testosterone production

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 66 of 80

Which hormone stimulates the release of luteinising hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary?

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Oestrogen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Progesterone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 67 of 80

In males, what is the primary action of luteinising hormone (LH)?

Increases sperm motility

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Initiates spermatogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Inhibits spermatogenesis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promotes testosterone secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Supports sperm storage

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 68 of 80

Which condition is characterized by abnormally elevated luteinising hormone (LH)levels in women?

Anorexia nervosa

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypopituitarism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Precocious puberty

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Turner syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 69 of 80

What is the primary role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?

Increase testosterone levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Inhibit LH and FSH secretion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Promote ovarian follicle development

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Stimulate the release of LH and FSH

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Trigger ovulation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 70 of 80

What happens to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) levels during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

They are suppressed by oestrogen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

They decrease dramatically

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

They fluctuate in a pulsatile manner

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

They increase continuously

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

They remain constant

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 71 of 80

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in females?

Amenorrhoea

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hirsutism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Menorrhagia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Reduced libido

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Weight gain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 72 of 80

Which test is primarily used to diagnose hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?

Serum androgen levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum cortisol levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum gonadotropin levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum oestrogen level

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Serum testosterone levels

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 73 of 80

What is androstenedione primarily produced by in the human body?

Adrenal cortex

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypothalamus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Ovaries

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Pituitary gland

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Testes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 74 of 80

Which of the following hormones regulates the production of androstenedione in the adrenal glands?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cortisol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 75 of 80

Which condition is associated with elevated levels of androstenedione?

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Cushing's syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hyperprolactinaemia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Turner syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 76 of 80

Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?

Carbimazole

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Levothyroxine

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Methimazole

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Radioactive iodine

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 77 of 80

What is the average age of onset for menopause in women?

40 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

45 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

50 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

55 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

60 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 78 of 80

At what age is puberty considered delayed in girls?

11 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

12 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

13 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

14 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

15 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 79 of 80

Which condition is characterized by the absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 14 in boys?

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Constitutional delay of growth and puberty

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Kallmann syndrome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Question 80 of 80

At what age is puberty considered precocious in girls?

8 years

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9 years

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10 years

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11 years

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12 years

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MRCOG Part 1 – Endocrinology

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